About the Authors
- Andries J. van Tonder
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Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Shilan Mistry
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Affiliation Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- James E. Bray
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Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Dorothea M. C. Hill
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Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Alison J. Cody
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Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Chris L. Farmer
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Affiliation Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Keith P. Klugman
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Affiliation Hubert Department of Global Health Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Anne von Gottberg
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Affiliation Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Stephen D. Bentley
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Affiliations Pathogen Genomics Team, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Julian Parkhill
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Affiliation Pathogen Genomics Team, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Keith A. Jolley
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Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Martin C. J. Maiden
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Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Angela B. Brueggemann
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* E-mail: angela.brueggemann@ndm.ox.ac.uk
Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: AJvT SM ABB. Performed the experiments: AJvT SM JEB DMCH AJC KAJ. Analyzed the data: AJvT SM ABB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KPK AvG SDB JP MCJM. Wrote the paper: AJvT SM ABB. Provided statistical expertise: CLF. Generated and populated whole genome sequence databases: JEB KAJ MCJM. Curated the N. meningitidis and C. jejuni BIGSdb databases, respectively: DMCH AJC. Discussed the results, read and approved the manuscript for publication: AJvT SM JEB DMCH AJC CLF KPK AvG SDP JP KAJ MCJM ABB.