About the Authors

Francisco C Santos

Affiliation Computer and Decision Engineering Department, Institut de Recherches Interdisciplinaires et de Développements en Intelligence Artificielle, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Jorge M Pacheco

Affiliations Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Department of Physics of the Faculty of Science, Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Tom Lenaerts

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tlenaert@vub.ac.be

Affiliations SWITCH Laboratory, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium , Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

FCS, JMP, and TL conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper.