About the Authors
- Scott Christley
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Affiliations Department of Computer Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America , Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Biocomplexity, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Mark S Alber
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: malber@nd.edu (MSA); newman@nymc.edu (SAN)
Affiliations Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Biocomplexity, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America , Department of Mathematics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Stuart A Newman
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: malber@nd.edu (MSA); newman@nymc.edu (SAN)
Affiliation Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
SAN formulated the biological questions, provided the in vitro data and, with MA, designed the multipixel, multiscale, quasi–3-D representation. MA and SC designed the discrete stochastic model. SC performed the simulations and, with SAN and MA, interpreted the results. SC, MA, and SAN wrote the paper.