About the Authors

Michael Z. Levy

mzlevy@mail.med.upenn.edu

Affiliation Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Dylan S. Small

Affiliation Department of Statistics, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Daril A. Vilhena

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Natalie M. Bowman

Affiliation Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Vivian Kawai

Affiliation Asociacion Benefica PRISMA, Lima, Peru

Juan G. Cornejo del Carpio

Affiliation Gerencia Regional del Ministerio de Salud, Cercado Arequipa, Perú

Eleazar Cordova-Benzaquen

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiología, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa, Perú

Robert H. Gilman

Affiliation Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Caryn Bern

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Joshua B. Plotkin

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MZL NMB VK JGCdC ECB RHG CB. Performed the experiments: MZL NMB VK ECB. Analyzed the data: MZL DSS DAV. Wrote the paper: MZL DSS JBP. Conceived and designed the analysis: MZL DSS JBP.