About the Authors

Raul Rodriguez-Esteban

Affiliations Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America , Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Joint Centers for Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Ivan Iossifov

Affiliations Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Joint Centers for Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America , Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Andrey Rzhetsky

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ar345@columbia.edu

Affiliations Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Joint Centers for Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America , Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America , Judith P. Sulzberger, MD Columbia Genome Center, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America , Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

RRE and AR conceived and designed the experiments. RRE performed the experiments. RRE, II, and AR analyzed the data. II contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. AR wrote the paper.