About the Authors

Axel Bernal

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: abernal@seas.upenn.edu

Affiliation Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Koby Crammer

Affiliation Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Artemis Hatzigeorgiou

Affiliation Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Fernando Pereira

Affiliation Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

AB, AH, and FP conceived and designed the experiments. AB performed the experiments and analyzed the data. AB and FP wrote the paper. AB, KC, and FP contributed ideas to the model and algorithms and refined and implemented the algorithms. FP proposed the initial idea.