About the Authors

Gene W Yeo

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: geneyeo@salk.edu (GWY); gage@salk.edu (FHG)

Affiliations Crick-Jacobs Center for Theoretical and Computational Biology, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America , Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Xiangdong Xu

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Tiffany Y Liang

Affiliation Crick-Jacobs Center for Theoretical and Computational Biology, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Alysson R Muotri

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Christian T Carson

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Nicole G Coufal

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Fred H Gage

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: geneyeo@salk.edu (GWY); gage@salk.edu (FHG)

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

GWY and XX conceived and designed the experiments. GWY designed and wrote the algorithm. GWY, XX, TYL, and ARM performed the experiments. GWY and XX analyzed the data. GWY, CTC, NGC, and FHG contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. GWY wrote the paper.