About the Authors

Carlos Gomez-Uribe

Affiliations Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

George C Verghese

Affiliation Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Leonid A Mirny

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: leonid@mit.edu

Affiliation Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

CGU, GCV, and LAM conceived and designed the experiments. CGU and LAM performed the experiments. All authors analyzed the data and wrote the paper.