About the Authors

Ian H. Spicknall

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

James S. Koopman

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Mark Nicas

Affiliation Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

Josep M. Pujol

Affiliation Telefonica, Catalonia, Spain

Sheng Li

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Joseph N. S. Eisenberg

jnse@umich.edu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: IHS JSK MN JMP SL JNSE. Performed the experiments: IHS JMP JNSE. Analyzed the data: IHS JSK JNSE. Wrote the paper: IHS JSK JMP SL JNSE.