About the Authors

Jon D. Duke

Contributed equally to this work with: Jon D. Duke, Xu Han, Zhiping Wang

Affiliation Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Xu Han

Contributed equally to this work with: Jon D. Duke, Xu Han, Zhiping Wang

Affiliations Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Zhiping Wang

Contributed equally to this work with: Jon D. Duke, Xu Han, Zhiping Wang

Affiliations Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Abhinita Subhadarshini

Affiliation Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Shreyas D. Karnik

Affiliation Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Xiaochun Li

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Stephen D. Hall

Affiliation Eli Lilly Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Yan Jin

Affiliation Eli Lilly Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

J. Thomas Callaghan

Affiliation Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Marcus J. Overhage

Affiliation Siemens, Malvern, Pennsylvania, United States of America

David A. Flockhart

Affiliations Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

R. Matthew Strother

Affiliations Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Sara K. Quinney

Affiliations Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Lang Li

lali@iupui.edu

Affiliations Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JDD XL SDH YJ JTC MJO DAF RMS SKQ LL. Performed the experiments: JDD XH ZW AS SDK LL. Analyzed the data: XH ZW LL. Wrote the paper: JDD XL SKQ LL. Proposed the whole picture of the DDI research project: LL. Guided all the data analyses: LL. Finalized the writing of the paper: LL. Contributed to the pharmaco-epidemiology design: JDD XL RMS SKQ. Contributed to the interpretation of the DDI results: JDD RMS SKQ. Performed the DDI/myopathy association analysis: XH. Provided the mechanistic interpretation of DDIs: SDH. Curated the data: XH AS SDK. Performed the EMR data mapping, data extraction and merging, and analyzable data preparation: ZW. Performed the literature mining: AS SDK. Contributed to the initial ideas formulation: SDH YJ JTC MJO. Contributed to the analysis strategy: XL.